More than 98% of all infants are born with
normal healthy seeing eyes. However, the normal health and structure of the
eyes do not guarantee that your child will be able to use those eyes
efficiently in the world he must see and interpret.
The classroom, into which your child enters
around the age of six, demands much of vision. This classroom, and its special
tasks, demand visual abilities and skills every child must learn before he
enters school if he is to be successful there.
Many studies have shown that freedom of eye
movements, and the skills of getting visual attention on targets for
inspection, are directly related to reading readiness. These visual abilities
will not teach a child to read, but when theses skills are present, the teacher
will have a child who is much more ready for reading instructions.
This guide is designed to give you enough
information about vision development so you can make intelligent observations,
and know when, where and how to help your child.
Visual Closure is the ability to visualize a complete whole when given
incomplete information or a partial picture. This skill helps us understand
things quickly because our visual system doesn't have to process every detail
to recognize what we're seeing. Where we're reading, this skill helps us
recognize sight words
Visual Form Constancy is the ability to mentally turn and rotate objects
in our minds and picture what they would look like. This skill helps us
distinguish differences in size, shape, and orientation. Children with poor
form-constancy may frequently reverse letters and numbers. Game like the
following can help us get practice form constancy.
Visual Discrimination lets us see differences between objects that are
similar. Good visual discrimination helps keep us from getting
confused. For example, when we read, it's visual discrimination that
let's us see the "was" and "saw" are different even though
they have the same letters. Puzzle games that ask us to tell how two pictures
are different are good ways to help develop visual discrimination.
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